How to Diagnose Excavator Faults – Methods for Identifying Common Excavator Faults

How to Diagnose Excavator Faults – Methods for Identifying Common Excavator Faults

What are the common faults associated with machinery equipped with excavation functions? How can one determine whether such machinery is experiencing faults? Below, our editorial team will outline the methods for identifying common faults in machinery equipped with excavation functions, and we hope this proves helpful to you!

Common Fault 1: Engine speed drops and power is insufficient during operation

Engine speed drops during operation

Phenomenon:

This fault is primarily caused by a problem with the speed sensor. Check the display to see if the speed is being shown; there are two possible scenarios: either the speed is not displayed, or an extremely high speed is shown.

Recommendations:

1. The speed is not displayed; the sensor or sensor circuit is open.

2. The RPM reading is very high; this indicates that the RPM sensor circuit is short-circuited to the positive terminal of the power supply.

Insufficient engine power

Phenomenon:

1. Poor-quality fuel; the fuel filter is blocked.

2. The fuel injector is faulty.

3. Low fuel pressure.

4. Incorrect valve clearance.

5. Incorrect fuel injection timing.

6. There is a problem with the turbocharger.

Recommendations:

Check the oil; review the maintenance records to see whether the CAT filter has been replaced on time.

Common Fault 2: Blue smoke from the engine

Phenomenon:

1. First of all, you need to check whether the engine oil consumption has been unusually high recently. If this is the case, it may be a sign that the engine is burning oil.

2. If oil consumption has not increased, please check the turbocharger.

Recommendations:

If the engine emits blue smoke, this is usually caused by wear to the cylinder liners and piston rings, resulting in excessive clearance, or perhaps by wear to the turbocharger seals, leading to excessive axial play. In such cases, please contact a customer service representative.

Common Problem 3: High Engine Oil Consumption

Phenomenon:

1. Check for any external leaks or black smoke.

2. If everything appears normal, inspect all the air hoses leading into the tank for any build-up of dust.

3. If there is no build-up of dust, please compile an engine oil consumption chart; you will need to request this from a customer service representative.

Recommendations:

If you notice a significant build-up of dust around the air intake pipe, take it to the workshop for servicing. If the machine is operating normally but the dust exceeds the standard limit, an investigation must be carried out and repairs made.

Common Problem 4: Difficulty starting the engine when it is warm

Phenomenon:

1. Difficulty starting the engine when it is warm is mainly caused by wear to the fuel pump plunger.

2. In fuel-injected engines, this is primarily evident in the fuel injectors.

Recommendations:

1. This fault occurs in direct-injection engines; the main cause is wear to the fuel pump plunger caused by impurities and moisture in the fuel, particularly moisture.

2. As with fuel-injected engines, the principle is the same and the symptoms are identical; to diagnose this fault, one must compare the time taken to start the engine when it is cold with that taken when it is warm.

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